Two prominent human rights activists who have tracked extrajudicial killings and disappearances in Bangladesh were sentenced on Thursday to two years in prison, raising alarm about a new escalation in quashing dissent.
The Dhaka Cyber Tribunal, a court in the capital city, found Adilur Rahman Khan and ASM Nasiruddin Elan guilty of spreading misinformation under the country’s information technology act. The law grants wide-ranging powers of arrest and prosecution when dealing with anything the government finds defamatory.
It was the latest example of a widespread campaign by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to use the judiciary, among other institutions that she has largely captured in her 14 years at the helm, to harass and bog down dissenting voices as she firms her grip over the nation of 170 million ahead of the next election. The country’s courtrooms are crowded with members of the opposition, activists and journalists enmeshed in an increasingly Kafkaesque judicial system.
The case against Mr. Khan and Mr. Elan, leaders of the human rights group Odhikar, stems from a fact-finding report by their group about a brutal episode a decade ago in Dhaka. The report, released in 2013, found that the police had committed grave abuses in clearing a rally organized by a hard-line Islamist organization.
The organization, Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh, had brought the city to gridlock in May of that year with a protest against comments and cartoons it considered offensive to the Prophet Muhammad. In response, the police staged a late-night crackdown, cutting off electricity and unleashing violence. Opposition parties alleged a death toll in the hundreds, while reports in international news media estimated between a dozen and 50 people. Odhikar’s report said it had found the names of 61 people who were killed.
Soon after the report’s release, Ms. Hasina’s government detained both the activists, holding Mr. Khan for 62 days and Mr. Elan for 25 days and calling their report distorted and defamatory under the country’s information technology law. Ms. Hasina’s officials maintained that no one was killed during the operation, and she told the Parliament that members of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh had faked deaths “by using red dye.”
In a joint letter, more than 30 international human rights organizations, including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, called the conviction of the two activists “retaliation for their work documenting human rights violations in Bangladesh” and asked for their release.
The organizations said that while the government had waged a continuing campaign of harassment against the activists and Odhikar — including blocking access to funds and not renewing the group’s registration — the 2013 case was revived recently after the United States imposed sanctions on officials of the Rapid Action Battalion, the elite paramilitary force that is accused of many human rights abuses. Bangladesh officials have blamed reports by human rights organizations such as Odhikar for bringing about such sanctions.
“Human rights defenders should be allowed to conduct their necessary and important work without fear of harassment, intimidation and reprisals,” the joint letter said. “Instead of prosecuting and punishing those who document and expose human rights violations, the Government should investigate and hold the perpetrators of these violations accountable.”
The government of Bangladesh, in a statement, called Odhikar “a noncompliant and politically biased entity with proven record of circulating misinformation” and said the judiciary “decides matters before them based on eence and in accordance with the law.”
